On Unit Testing Logging Messages

04 Dec 2022 #tutorial #csharp

This post is part of my Advent of Code 2022.

These days I had to review some code that expected a controller to log the exceptions thrown in a service. This is how that controller looked and what I learned about testing logging messages.

When writing unit tests for logging, assert that actual log messages contain keywords like identifiers or requested values. Don’t assert that actual and expected log messages are exactly the same.

Don’t expect identical log messages

The controller I reviewed looked like this,

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using OnTestingLogMessages.Services;

namespace OnTestingLogMessages.Controllers;

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class SomethingController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly IClientService _clientService;
    private readonly ILogger<SomethingController> _logger;

    public SomethingController(IClientService clientService,
                               ILogger<SomethingController> logger)
    {
        _clientService = clientService;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> PostAsync(AnyPostRequest request)
    {
        try
        {
            // Imagine that this service does something interesting...
            await _clientService.DoSomethingAsync(request.ClientId);

            return Ok();
        }
        catch (Exception exception)
        {
            _logger.LogError(exception, "Something horribly wrong happened. ClientId: [{clientId}]", request.ClientId);
            //      ^^^^^^^^
            // Logging things like good citizens of the world...

            return BadRequest();
        }
    }

    // Other methods here...
}

Nothing fancy. It called an IClientService service and logged the exception thrown by it. Let’s imagine that the controller logged a more helpful message to troubleshoot later. I wrote a funny log message here. Yes, exception filters are a better idea, but bear with me.

To test if the controller logs exceptions, we could write a unit test like this,

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Moq;
using OnTestingLogMessages.Controllers;
using OnTestingLogMessages.Services;

namespace OnTestingLogMessages.Tests;

[TestClass]
public class SomethingControllerTests
{
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task PostAsync_Exception_LogsException()
    {
        var clientId = 123456;

        var fakeClientService = new Mock<IClientService>();
        fakeClientService
            .Setup(t => t.DoSomethingAsync(clientId))
            .ThrowsAsync(new Exception("Expected exception..."));
            //           ^^^^^
            // 3...2...1...Boom...
        var fakeLogger = new Mock<ILogger<SomethingController>>();
        var controller = new SomethingController(fakeClientService.Object, fakeLogger.Object);
        //                                       ^^^^^

        var request = new AnyPostRequest(clientId);
        await controller.PostAsync(request);

        var expected = $"Something horribly wrong happened. ClientId: [{clientId}]";
        //  ^^^^^^^^
        // We expect exactly the same log message from the PostAsync
        fakeLogger.VerifyWasCalled(LogLevel.Error, expected);
    }
}

In that test, we used Moq to create fakes for our dependencies, even for the ILogger itself. I prefer to call them fakes. There’s a difference between stubs and mocks.

By the way, .NET 8.0 added a FakeLogger, a logging provider for unit testing, so we don’t have to rely on fakes to test logging.

In our test, we’re expecting the actual log message to be exactly the same as the one from the SomethingController. Can you already spot the duplication? In fact, we’re rebuilding the log message inside our tests. We’re duplicating the logic under test.

Also, let’s notice we used a custom assertion method to make our assertions less verbose. VerifyWasCalled() is an extension method that inspects the Moq instance to check if the actual and expected messages are equal. Here it is,

public static class MoqExtensions
{
    public static void VerifyWasCalled<T>(this Mock<ILogger<T>> fakeLogger, LogLevel logLevel, string message)
    {
        fakeLogger.Verify(
            x => x.Log(
                logLevel,
                It.IsAny<EventId>(),
                It.Is<It.IsAnyType>((o, t) =>
                    string.Equals(message, o.ToString(), StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)),
                    //     ^^^^^
                It.IsAny<Exception>(),
                It.IsAny<Func<It.IsAnyType, Exception?, string>>()),
            Times.Once);
    }
}

Pile of tree logs — Don't expect identical log...messages. Photo by Chandler Cruttenden on Unsplash

Instead, expect log messages to contain keywords

To make our unit tests more maintainable, let’s check that log messages contain keywords or relevant substrings, like identifiers and values from input requests. Let’s not check if they’re identical to the expected log messages. Any changes in casing, punctuation, spelling or any other minor changes in the message structure will make our tests break.

Let’s rewrite our test,

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Moq;
using OnTestingLogMessages.Controllers;
using OnTestingLogMessages.Services;

namespace OnTestingLogMessages.Tests;

[TestClass]
public class SomethingControllerTests
{
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task PostAsync_Exception_LogsException()
    {
        var clientId = 123456;

        var fakeClientService = new Mock<IClientService>();
        fakeClientService
            .Setup(t => t.DoSomethingAsync(clientId))
            .ThrowsAsync(new Exception("Expected exception..."));
            //           ^^^^^
            // 3...2...1...Boom...
        var fakeLogger = new Mock<ILogger<SomethingController>>();
        var controller = new SomethingController(fakeClientService.Object, fakeLogger.Object);

        var request = new AnyPostRequest(clientId);
        await controller.PostAsync(request);
        
        fakeLogger.VerifyMessageContains(LogLevel.Error, clientId.ToString());
        //         ^^^^^^^^
        // We expect the same log message to only contain the clientId
    }
}

This time, we rolled another extension method, VerifyMessageContains(), removed the expected log message and asserted that the log message only contained only relevant subtrings: the clientId.

Here it is the new VerifyMessageContains(),

public static class MoqExtensions
{
    public static void VerifyMessageContains<T>(this Mock<ILogger<T>> fakeLogger, LogLevel logLevel, params string[] expected)
    {
        fakeLogger.Verify(
            x => x.Log(
                logLevel,
                It.IsAny<EventId>(),
                It.Is<It.IsAnyType>((o, t) =>
                    expected.All(s => o.ToString().Contains(s, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))),
                    // ^^^^^
                    // Checking if the log message contains some keywords, instead
                It.IsAny<Exception>(),
                It.IsAny<Func<It.IsAnyType, Exception?, string>>()),
            Times.Once);
    }
}

Voilà! That’s how to make our test that checks logging messages more maintainable. By not rebuilding log messages inside tests and asserting that they contain keywords instead of expecting to be exact matches.

Here we dealt with logging for diagnostic purposes (logging to make troubleshooting easier for developers). But if logging were a business requirement, we should have to make it a separate “concept” in our code. Not in logging statements scatter all over the place. I learned by distinction about logging when reading Unit Testing Principles, Practices, and Patterns.

If you want to read more about unit testing, check How to write tests for HttpClient using Moq, How to test an ASP.NET Authorization Filter and my Unit Testing 101 series where we cover from what a unit test is, to fakes and mocks, to best practices.

Ready to upgrade your unit testing skills? Write readable and maintainable unit test with my course Mastering C# Unit Testing with Real-world Examples on Udemy. Learn unit testing best practices while refactoring real unit tests from my past projects. No tests for a Calculator class.

Happy testing!

TIL: How to test an ASP.NET Authorization Filter

03 Dec 2022 #todayilearned #asp.net

This post is part of my Advent of Code 2022.

These days I needed to work with a microservice for one of my clients. In that microservice, instead of validating incoming requests with the built-in model validations or FluentValidation, they use authorization filters. I needed to write some tests for that filter. This is what I learned.

Apart from validating the integrity of the incoming requests, the filter also validated that the referenced object in the request body matched the same “client.”

A weird filter scenario

The filter looked something like this,

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Controllers;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using MyWeirdFilterScenario.Controllers;

namespace MyWeirdFilterScenario.Filters;

public class MyAuthorizationFilter : IAsyncAuthorizationFilter
{
    private readonly Dictionary<string, Func<AuthorizationFilterContext, Task<bool>>> _validationsPerEndpoint;

    private readonly IClientRepository _clientRepository;
    private readonly IOtherEntityRepository _otherEntityRepository;

    public MyAuthorizationFilter(IClientRepository clientRepository,
                                 IOtherEntityRepository otherEntityRepository)
    {
        _clientRepository = clientRepository;
        _otherEntityRepository = otherEntityRepository;

        // Register validations per action name here
        // vvvvv
        _validationsPerEndpoint = new Dictionary<string, Func<AuthorizationFilterContext, Task<bool>>>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
        {
            { nameof(SomethingController.Post),  ValidatePostAsync },
            // Register validations for other methods here...
        };
    }

    public async Task OnAuthorizationAsync(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
    {
        var actionName = ((ControllerActionDescriptor)context.ActionDescriptor).ActionName;

        try
        {
            var validation = _validationsPerEndpoint[actionName];
            var isValid = await validation(context);
            //                  ^^^^^^^^^^
            // Grab and run the validation for the called endpoint
            if (!isValid)
            {
                context.Result = new BadRequestResult();
                return;
            }
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            // Log bad things here...
            context.Result = new BadRequestResult();
        }
    }

    private async Task<bool> ValidatePostAsync(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
    {
        var request = await GetRequestBodyAsync<AnyPostRequest>(context);
        //                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        // Grab the request body
        if (request == null || request.ClientId == default)
        {
            return false;
        }

        var client = await _clientRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.ClientId);
        //  ^^^^^^
        // Check our client exists...
        if (client == null)
        {
            return false;
        }

        var otherEntity = await _otherEntityRepository.GetByIdAsync(request.OtherEntityId);
        if (otherEntity == null || otherEntity.ClientId != client.Id)
        //  ^^^^^^^^^^^
        // Check we're updating our own entity...
        {
            return false;
        }

        // Doing something else here...

        return true;
    }

    // A helper method to grab the request body from the AuthorizationFilterContext
    private static async Task<T?> GetRequestBodyAsync<T>(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
    {
        var request = context.HttpContext.Request;
        request.EnableBuffering();
        request.Body.Position = 0;

        var body = new StreamReader(request.Body);
        var requestBodyJson = await body.ReadToEndAsync();

        request.Body.Position = 0;

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestBodyJson))
        {
            return default;
        }

        var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore };
        var requestBody = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(requestBodyJson, settings);
        return requestBody;
    }
}

On the OnAuthorizationAsync() method, this filter grabbed the validation method based on the called method name. And, inside the validation method, it checked that the request had a valid “clientId” and the referenced entity belonged to the same client. This is to prevent any client from updating somebody else’s entities.

Also, notice we needed to use the EnableBuffering() and reset the body’s position before and after reading the body from the AuthorizationFilterContext.

On the controller side, we registered the filter with an attribute like this,

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using RecreatingFilterScenario.Filters;

namespace MyAuthorizationFilter.Controllers;

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
[ServiceFilter(typeof(MyAuthorizationFilter))]
//                    ^^^^^^^^^^^
public class SomethingController : ControllerBase
{
    [HttpPost]
    public void Post(AnyPostRequest request)
    {
        // Beep, beep, boop...
        // Doing something with request
    }

    // Other methods here...
}

And, to make it work, we also need to register our filter in the dependencies container.

Morning Brew — Photo by Kris Gerhard on Unsplash

How to test an ASP.NET async authorization filter

To test an ASP.NET async filter, create a new instance of the filter passing the needed dependencies as stubs. Then, when calling the OnAuthorizationAsync() method, create a AuthorizationFilterContext instance attaching the request body inside a DefaultHttpContext.

Like this,

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Controllers;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;
using Moq;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using RecreatingFilterScenario.Controllers;
using RecreatingFilterScenario.Filters;
using System.Text;

namespace MyWeirdFilterScenario.Tests;

[TestClass]
public class MyAuthorizationFilterTests
{
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task OnAuthorizationAsync_OtherEntityWithoutTheSameClient_ReturnsBadRequest()
    {
        var sameClientId = 1;
        var otherClientId = 2;
        var otherEntityId = 123456;

        var fakeClientRepository = new Mock<IClientRepository>();
        fakeClientRepository
            .Setup(t => t.GetByIdAsync(sameClientId))
            .ReturnsAsync(new Client(sameClientId));

        var fakeOtherEntityRepository = new Mock<IOtherEntityRepository>();
        fakeOtherEntityRepository
            .Setup(t => t.GetByIdAsync(otherEntityId))
            .ReturnsAsync(new OtherEntity(otherClientId));

        var filter = new MyAuthorizationFilter(fakeClientRepository.Object, fakeOtherEntityRepository.Object);
        //  ^^^^^^
        // Create an instance of our filter with two fake dependencies

        var request = new AnyPostRequest(sameClientId, otherEntityId);
        var context = BuildContext(request);
        //            ^^^^^^^^^^^^
        // Create an AuthorizationFilterContext
        await filter.OnAuthorizationAsync(context);

        Assert.IsNotNull(context.Result);
        Assert.AreEqual(typeof(BadRequestResult), context.Result.GetType());
    }

    private AuthorizationFilterContext BuildContext(AnyPostRequest? request)
    {
        var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();

        var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(request);
        var stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json));
        httpContext.Request.Body = stream;
        httpContext.Request.ContentLength = stream.Length;
        httpContext.Request.ContentType = "application/json";
        // ^^^^^^^^
        // Attach a JSON body

        var actionDescriptor = new ControllerActionDescriptor
        {
            ActionName = nameof(SomethingController.Post)
            // ^^^^^^^
            // Use the endpoint name
        };
        var actionContext = new ActionContext(httpContext, new RouteData(), actionDescriptor);
        return new AuthorizationFilterContext(actionContext, new List<IFilterMetadata>());
    }
}

Let’s unwrap it. First, we created an instance of MyAuthorizationFilter passing the dependencies as fakes using Moq. As stubs, to be precise.

To call the OnAuthorizationAsync() method, we needed to create an AuthorizationFilterContext. This context required an ActionContext. We used a Builder method, BuildContext(), to keep things clean.

Then, to create an ActionContext, we needed to attach the request body as JSON to a DefaultHttpContext and set the action descriptor with our method name. Since we didn’t read any route information, we passed a default RouteData instance.

Notice that we needed to use a MemoryStream to pass our request object as JSON and set the content length and type. Source.

With the BuildContext() method in place, we got the Arrange and Act parts of our sample test. The next step was to assert on the context result.

Voilà! That’s what I learned about unit testing ASP.NET authorization filters. Again, a Builder method helped to keep things simple and easier to reuse.

If you want to read more about unit testing, check How to write tests for HttpClient using Moq and my Unit Testing 101 series where we cover from what a unit test is, to fakes and mocks, to best practices.

Happy testing!

TIL: Always check for missing configuration values inside constructors

02 Dec 2022 #todayilearned #csharp

This post is part of my Advent of Code 2022.

This is a lesson I learned after trying to use a shared NuGet package in one of my client’s projects and getting an ArgumentNullException. I had no clue that I needed some configuration values in my appsettings.json file. This is what I learned.

Always check for missing configuration values inside constructors. In case they’re not set, throw a human-friendly exception message showing the name of the expected configuration value. For example: ‘Missing Section:Subsection:Value in config file’.

A missing configuration value

This is what happened. I needed to import a feature from a shared Nuget package. It had a method to register its dependencies. Something like services.AddFeature().

When calling an API endpoint that used that feature, I got an ArgumentNullException: “Value cannot be null. (Parameter ‘uriString’).” It seemed that I was missing a URI. But what URI?

Without any XML docstrings on the AddFeature() method, I had no other solution than to decompile that DLL. I found a service like this one,

public class SomeService : ISomeService
{
    private readonly Uri _anyUri;

    public SomeService(IOptions<AnyConfigOptions> options, OtherParam otherParam)
    {
        _anyUri = new Uri(options.Value.AnyConfigValue);
        //                ^^^^^^^
        // System.ArgumentNullException: Value cannot be null. (Parameter 'uriString')
    }

    public async Task DoSomethingAsync()
    {
        // Beep, beep, boop...
        // Doing something here...
    }
}

There it was! The service used the IOptions pattern to read configuration values. And I needed an URL inside a section in the appsettings.json file. How was I supposed to know?

Black and brown jigsaw puzzle — Missing one value... Photo by Sigmund on Unsplash

A better exception message

Then I realized that a validation inside the constructor with a human-friendly message would have saved me (and any other future developer using that NuGet package) some time. And it would have pointed me in the right direction. I mean having something like,

public class SomeService : ISomeService
{
    private readonly Uri _anyUri;

    public SomeService(IOptions<AnyConfigOptions> options, OtherParam otherParam)
    {
        //  vvvvvvv
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(options?.Value?.AnyConfigValue))
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("Missing 'AnyConfigOptions:AnyConfigValue' in config file.");
            //                              ^^^^^^^^
            // I think this would be a better message
        }

        _anyUri = new Uri(options.Value.AnyConfigValue);
    }

    public async Task DoSomethingAsync()
    {
        // Beep, beep, boop...
        // Doing something here again...
    }
}

Even better, what if the AddFeature() method had an overload that receives the expected configuration value? Something like AddFeature(AnyConfigOptions options). This way, the client of that package could decide the source of those options. Either read them from a configuration file or hardcode them.

The book “Growing Object-Oriented Software Guided by Tests” suggests having a StupidProgrammerMistakeException or a specific exception for this type of scenario: missing configuration values. This would be a good use case for that exception type.

Voilà! That’s what I learned today: always validate configuration values inside constructors and use explicit error messages when implementing the Options pattern. It reminded me of “The given key was not present in the dictionary” and other obscure error messages. Do you write friendly and clear error messages?

To read more content about ASP.NET Core, check how to add caching with Redis and how to read configuration values.

Happy coding!

How to write tests for HttpClient using Moq

01 Dec 2022 #tutorial #csharp

This post is part of my Advent of Code.

These days I needed to unit test a service that used the built-in HttpClient. It wasn’t as easy as creating a fake for HttpClient. This is how to write tests for HttpClient with Moq and a set of extension methods to make it easier.

To write tests for a service that requires a HttpClient, create a fake for HttpMessageHandler and set up the protected SendAsync() method to return a HttpResponseMessage. Then, create a new HttpClient passing the fake instance of HttpMessageHandler created before.

How to Create a Testable HttpClient

For example, let’s write a test for a AnyService class that receives a HttpClient, using MSTest and Moq,

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using Moq;
using Moq.Protected;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyProject.Services.Tests;

[TestClass]
public class AnyServiceTests
{
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task DoSomethingAsync_ByDefault_ReturnsSomethingElse()
    {
        var fakeHttpMessageHandler = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
        fakeHttpMessageHandler
                .Protected()
                // ^^^^^^^
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>(
                    "SendAsync",
                    ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(),
                    ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>()
                )
                .ReturnsAsync(new HttpResponseMessage
                {
                    StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK,
                    Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new AnyResponseViewModel()))
                    // We add the expected response here:                   ^^^^^
                });
        using var httpClient = new HttpClient(fakeHttpMessageHandler.Object);
        //                                    ^^^^^
        var service = new AnyService(client);

        var someResult = await service.DoSomethingAsync();

        // Assert something here...
        Assert.IsNotNull(someResult);
    }
}

Notice how we used the Protected() and Setup() methods from Moq to create a fake for HtttpMessageHandler. Then, inside the ReturnsAsync() method, we created a response message with a response object. And, finally, we used the fake handler to create a new HttpClient to pass it to our AnyService instance.

That’s how we created a fake HttpClient. But, as soon as we start to write more tests, all of them get bloated with lots of duplicated code. Especially, if we create new tests by copy-pasting an existing one.

We should reduce the noise in our tests using factory methods or builders to make our tests more readable. Let’s do that!

Some extensions methods to set up the faked HttpClient

It would be great if we could reduce the Arrange phase of our sample test to one or two lines. Something like this,

[TestMethod]
public async Task DoSomethingAsync_ByDefault_ReturnsSomethingElse()
{
    using var client = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>()
                  .WithSuccessfulResponse(new AnyResponseViewModel())
                  //                      ^^^^^
                  // Alternatively,
                  // .WithUnauthorizedResponse()
                  // or
                  // .WithException<HttpRequestException>()
                  .ToHttpClient();
    var service = new AnyService(client);

    var someResult = await service.DoSomethingAsync();

    // Assert something here...
    Assert.IsNotNull(someResult);
}

It’s not that difficult to write some extension methods on top of the Mock<HttpMessageHandler> to simplify the creation of testable HttpClient instances.

In fact, here they are,

using Moq;
using Moq.Language.Flow;
using Moq.Protected;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace HttpMessageHandlerTests.Extensions;

public static class MockHttpMessageHandlerExtensions
{
    public static Mock<HttpMessageHandler> WithSuccessfulResponse<T>(
        this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler,
        T responseContent)
    {
        fakeHttpMessageHandler
            .GetProtectedSetup()
            .ReturnsAsync(new HttpResponseMessage
            {
                StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK,
                Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(responseContent))
            });

        return fakeHttpMessageHandler;
    }

    public static Mock<HttpMessageHandler> WithUnauthorizedResponse(
        this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler)
    {
        fakeHttpMessageHandler
            .GetProtectedSetup()
            .ReturnsAsync(new HttpResponseMessage
            {
                StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized,
                RequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage()
            });

        return fakeHttpMessageHandler;
    }

    public static Mock<HttpMessageHandler> WithDelegate(
        this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler,
        Func<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken, HttpResponseMessage> func)
    {
        fakeHttpMessageHandler
            .GetProtectedSetup()
            .ReturnsAsync(func);

        return fakeHttpMessageHandler;
    }

    public static Mock<HttpMessageHandler> WithException<TException>(
        this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler)
        where TException : Exception, new()
    {
        fakeHttpMessageHandler
            .GetProtectedSetup()
            .Throws<TException>();

        return fakeHttpMessageHandler;
    }

    public static HttpClient ToHttpClient(this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler)
    {
        return new HttpClient(fakeHttpMessageHandler.Object);
    }

    private static ISetup<HttpMessageHandler, Task<HttpResponseMessage>> GetProtectedSetup(
        this Mock<HttpMessageHandler> fakeHttpMessageHandler)
    {
        return fakeHttpMessageHandler
            .Protected()
            .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>(
                "SendAsync",
                ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(),
                ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>());
    }
}

We can add other methods like WithNotFoundResponse(), WithInternalServerResponse() or WithTooManyRequestsResponse() to cover other response codes. Even, we can setup the fake HttpMessageHandler passing an Uri with a method ForUri(), for example.

Voilà! That’s how to write tests with HttpClient and Moq. With some extension methods, we could have a small DSL to write more readable tests. For a more fully-featured alternative to write tests for HttpClient, check mockhttp, “a testing layer for Microsoft’s HttpClient library.”

If you want to read more about unit testing, check my Unit Testing 101 series where we cover from what a unit test is, to fakes and mocks, to best practices.

Happy testing!

Advent of Code 2022

01 Dec 2022 #writing #csharp

This year, inspired by C# Advent and 24 Pull Requests, I decided to do my own Christmas challenge: my own Advent of Code. I prefer to call it: Advent of Posts. Starting on December 1st, I’m publishing 24 posts, one post per day.

The challenge is to write an article per day in about 2 hours, including proof-reading and banner design. I’ve written some of the post in advance to avoid content pressure.

Here is my Advent of Posts:

Day 1: How to write tests for HttpClient using Moq
Day 2: TIL: Always check for missing configuration values inside constructors
Day 3: TIL: How to test an ASP.NET Core Authorization filter
Day 4: On Unit Testing Logging and Log Messages
Day 5: I stopped using leading or tricky questions in Code Reviews
Day 6: How to replace BackgroundServices with a lite Hangfire
Day 7: I’m banning Get, Set, and other method and class names
Day 8: Let’s refactor a test: Store OAuth connections
Day 9: How to rename Visual Studio projects and folders with Git
Day 10: TIL: How to replace keywords in a file name and content with Bash
Day 11: TIL: How to automatically insert and update audit fields with OrmLite
Day 12: Four things I wished I knew before becoming a software engineer
Day 13: TIL: Five lessons I learned after working with Hangfire and Ormlite
Day 14: How to write good unit tests: Use simple test values
Day 15: How to create ASP.NET Core Api project structure with dotnet cli
Day 16: Six helpful extension methods I use to work with Collections
Day 17: Three lessons I learned after a “failed” project
Day 18: Lessons I learned from my ex-coworkers
Day 19: Lessons I learned as a code reviewer
Day 20: Dump and Load to squash old migrations
Day 21: To Value Object or Not To: How I choose Value Objects
Day 22: Let’s refactor a test: Remove duplicated emails
Day 23: -
Day 24: -

Happy coding!

Older Newer

Just Some Code

On Unit Testing Logging Messages

Don’t expect identical log messages

Instead, expect log messages to contain keywords

TIL: How to test an ASP.NET Authorization Filter

A weird filter scenario

How to test an ASP.NET async authorization filter

TIL: Always check for missing configuration values inside constructors

A missing configuration value

A better exception message

How to write tests for HttpClient using Moq

How to Create a Testable HttpClient

Some extensions methods to set up the faked HttpClient

Advent of Code 2022